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Columbines are popular perennial plants known for their vibrant, bell-shaped flowers. Gardeners often cultivate different varieties to add color and diversity to their landscapes. Understanding the specific varieties and knowing when to divide them can promote healthy growth and abundant blooms.
Common Columbine Varieties
There are numerous species and cultivars of columbine, each with unique characteristics. Some of the most popular include:
- Aquilegia vulgaris (European columbine)
- Aquilegia canadensis (Eastern red columbine)
- Hybrid varieties (e.g., ‘McKana’s Giant’)
- Double-flowered cultivars
When to Divide Columbines
Dividing columbines encourages vigorous growth and prevents overcrowding. The best time to divide is in early spring or immediately after flowering in late summer or early fall. Avoid dividing during extreme heat or cold, as this stresses the plants.
Signs That Indicate It’s Time to Divide
Look for these signs to determine if your columbines need dividing:
- Reduced flowering or fewer blooms
- Plants appearing crowded or matted
- Weak or spindly growth
- Old, woody stems at the base
How to Divide Columbines
Dividing columbines involves carefully digging up the clump and separating the root system into smaller sections. Follow these steps for best results:
- Water the plant thoroughly before digging.
- Use a sharp spade or garden fork to lift the entire clump.
- Gently separate the root ball into sections, ensuring each has at least one healthy crown and roots.
- Replant divisions at the same depth as before, spacing them adequately apart.
- Water well after planting and mulch to retain moisture.
Caring for Divided Columbines
After dividing, provide proper care to help the plants establish. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged, and avoid fertilizing immediately. Mulching helps retain moisture and suppress weeds. With proper care, divided columbines will flourish and produce abundant flowers in the following season.