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Caladiums are popular ornamental plants known for their vibrant, colorful foliage. However, many gardeners encounter challenges when caring for caladiums during their dormant period. Understanding caladium dormancy is essential for maintaining healthy plants and ensuring vigorous growth each season.
What Is Caladium Dormancy?
Caladium dormancy is a natural period of rest that occurs typically in response to temperature changes and shorter daylight hours. During dormancy, the plant’s foliage dies back, and the tubers enter a state of inactivity to conserve energy. This process usually happens in late fall to winter in most climates.
Timing of Caladium Dormancy
The timing of dormancy varies depending on the climate and growing conditions. In warmer regions, caladiums may remain evergreen or semi-evergreen, while in cooler areas, they tend to enter dormancy earlier. Generally, dormancy begins when temperatures consistently fall below 60°F (15°C) and daylight hours shorten significantly.
Signs of Dormancy
- Yellowing or browning of leaves
- Leaf drop
- Stunted or no new growth
- Fading or loss of vibrant leaf colors
Care Tips During Dormancy
Proper care during caladium dormancy helps ensure healthy tubers and vibrant growth in the next season. Here are some essential tips:
Reducing Watering
Water sparingly during dormancy. Excess moisture can cause tuber rot. Allow the soil to dry out completely between waterings, especially if the plant is stored indoors or in a cool, dry location.
Temperature Control
Maintain a cool environment, ideally between 55°F and 65°F (13°C–18°C). Avoid freezing temperatures, which can damage the tubers.
Storage of Tubers
If you live in a climate with cold winters, dig up the tubers once the foliage has completely died back. Clean and dry them thoroughly, then store in a paper bag or mesh container in a cool, dark place.
Resuming Growth
As temperatures rise and days lengthen in spring, caladiums will naturally emerge from dormancy. Replant tubers in well-draining soil, water regularly, and provide bright, indirect light to encourage lush foliage growth.
Summary
Understanding the timing and care requirements of caladium dormancy is vital for maintaining healthy plants. Properly managing water, temperature, and storage during dormancy ensures your caladiums will thrive and display their stunning foliage each growing season.