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Boxwood is a popular evergreen shrub used in landscaping and topiary around the world. Its dense foliage and ability to be shaped make it a favorite among gardeners and landscapers. Among the various types of boxwood, the English and American varieties are two of the most common. Understanding their differences can help in selecting the right type for your garden or project.
Overview of English Boxwood
The English boxwood, scientifically known as Buxus sempervirens, is native to Europe and parts of Asia. It is renowned for its fine, dense foliage and classic appearance. This variety is often used in formal gardens, hedges, and topiary due to its ability to hold intricate shapes.
English boxwood typically grows slowly, reaching heights of 10 to 15 feet if left untrimmed. Its small, oval leaves are a vibrant green that remains year-round. It prefers well-drained soil and partial to full sun exposure. This variety is relatively tolerant of pruning, making it ideal for detailed shaping.
Overview of American Boxwood
The American boxwood, often referred to as Buxus microphylla or Buxus sinica var. insularis, is native to North America and East Asia. It is valued for its adaptability and resilience in various climates. American boxwood is frequently used in landscape borders, foundation plantings, and low hedges.
This variety tends to grow faster than the English boxwood, reaching heights of up to 6-8 feet with proper pruning. Its leaves are slightly smaller and can vary in color from bright green to darker shades. American boxwood prefers slightly acidic to neutral soil and can tolerate full sun to partial shade.
Key Differences Between English and American Boxwood
- Origin: English boxwood is native to Europe; American boxwood is native to North America and East Asia.
- Growth Rate: English boxwood grows slowly; American boxwood grows more quickly.
- Size: English can reach 15 feet; American usually stays below 8 feet.
- Foliage: English has finer, denser leaves; American has slightly smaller leaves with more variation in color.
- Use in Landscaping: English is preferred for formal shapes and intricate topiary; American is versatile for borders and natural hedges.
Choosing the Right Boxwood for Your Garden
When selecting between English and American boxwood, consider your climate, the desired size, and the purpose of the plant. If you want a plant for detailed shaping and formal gardens, English boxwood is an excellent choice. For more resilient, faster-growing hedges, American boxwood may be better suited.
Both varieties require regular maintenance, including pruning and watering. Proper planting and care will ensure your boxwood remains healthy and attractive for years to come.