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Calla lilies are a popular choice for gardeners due to their elegant blooms and lush foliage. However, in colder climates, these plants require special care to survive the winter months. Proper overwintering techniques can ensure that your calla lilies return healthy and vibrant each year.
Understanding Calla Lilies and Their Hardiness
Calla lilies (Zantedeschia spp.) are native to regions with warm climates. They thrive in USDA zones 8-10 but can be grown in cooler areas with proper winter care. In colder zones, they are typically grown as annuals or dug up and stored indoors during winter.
When to Cut Back Calla Lily Foliage
The timing for cutting back calla lilies depends on your climate and whether you plan to store the tubers or leave them in the ground. In general, the best time to cut back foliage is after the plant has finished blooming and the leaves have turned yellow or brown.
In Mild Climates
If you live in a mild climate (USDA zones 8-10), you can leave the foliage until it naturally dies back. Once the leaves have yellowed and withered, cut them back to ground level. This allows the plant to store energy for the next growing season.
In Colder Climates
In colder regions, it is best to cut back the foliage as soon as it has yellowed and the plant has finished blooming. Use clean, sharp scissors or pruning shears to remove the dead leaves. This prevents disease and prepares the plant for digging up or overwintering.
Overwintering Calla Lilies
In regions with freezing temperatures, calla lilies cannot survive outdoors year-round. They must be dug up and stored indoors or in a protected location. Proper overwintering ensures the tubers remain healthy and ready for replanting in spring.
Digging Up Tubers
After the foliage has died back, carefully dig up the tubers using a garden fork or shovel. Gently brush off excess soil and inspect for any signs of disease or damage. Allow the tubers to dry in a warm, well-ventilated area for a few days.
Storing Tubers Indoors
Store the dried tubers in a paper bag or box filled with peat moss, sand, or sawdust. Keep them in a cool, dark, and dry location with temperatures between 40-50°F (4-10°C). Check periodically for signs of rot or shriveling.
Replanting Calla Lilies in Spring
Once the danger of frost has passed, typically in early spring, replant the tubers outdoors in well-draining soil. Space the tubers about 12 inches apart and water thoroughly. Mulch around the plants to retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.
Summary
Knowing when to cut back calla lily foliage and how to overwinter them properly can make a significant difference in their health and appearance year after year. In mild climates, patience is key, allowing the leaves to die back naturally. In colder regions, timely digging and storage are essential to protect these beautiful plants during winter.