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Caladiums are beautiful tropical plants known for their vibrant, colorful foliage. They are popular in gardens and containers but are not frost-hardy. To enjoy their stunning leaves year after year, gardeners need to properly overwinter their caladiums. This article provides a comprehensive guide on how to store caladium bulbs during the cold months so they can be replanted in the spring.
Understanding Caladium Dormancy
Caladiums go through a period of dormancy during the colder months. When temperatures drop below 60°F (15°C), the plants stop growing and their foliage dies back. This is the ideal time to prepare for storage. Proper handling during dormancy ensures the bulbs remain healthy and viable for the next growing season.
When to Dig Up Caladiums
The best time to dig up caladium bulbs is after the first frost has killed back the foliage. Typically, this occurs in late fall or early winter, depending on your climate. Wait until the leaves have turned yellow and withered. This signals that the bulbs have entered dormancy and are ready for storage.
How to Dig and Clean Caladium Bulbs
Use a garden fork or shovel to carefully lift the bulbs from the soil. Be gentle to avoid damaging them. Shake off excess soil and rinse the bulbs with water to remove remaining dirt. Inspect each bulb for signs of rot or damage. Discard any soft, moldy, or shriveled bulbs to prevent issues during storage.
Preparing Caladium Bulbs for Storage
After cleaning, allow the bulbs to dry in a warm, well-ventilated area for a few days. This helps prevent mold and rot during storage. Once dry, remove any remaining soil and trim off the stalks, leaving about an inch of stem if necessary. Label the bulbs if you have multiple varieties.
Storing Caladium Bulbs
- Choose a cool, dark, and dry location such as a basement, cellar, or garage.
- Ideal storage temperatures are between 55°F and 60°F (13°C – 16°C).
- Place the bulbs in paper bags, mesh bags, or cardboard boxes. Avoid plastic bags, which can trap moisture and cause rot.
- Sprinkle some sawdust, peat moss, or vermiculite around the bulbs to absorb excess moisture.
- Check periodically for signs of mold or shriveling. Remove any affected bulbs immediately.
Resprouting and Replanting
In spring, when the danger of frost has passed, you can replant your caladium bulbs outdoors or in containers. Gently loosen the bulbs and plant them about 2-4 inches deep in well-draining soil. Water thoroughly and place in a warm, shaded location until new growth appears. Gradually introduce them to more sunlight for vibrant foliage.
Additional Tips for Success
- Handle the bulbs carefully to avoid bruising or damage.
- Maintain proper storage conditions to prevent rot and mold.
- Label bulbs to keep track of different varieties.
- Start checking stored bulbs in late winter to early spring for signs of sprouting.
- Replant promptly to ensure a healthy, vibrant display during the growing season.
By following these steps, you can successfully overwinter your caladiums and enjoy their colorful foliage year after year. Proper storage not only preserves the bulbs but also ensures a lush and vibrant garden display each season.