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July is a crucial month for soil preparation in many gardening and farming practices. One effective way to improve soil fertility during this time is by using green manure crops. These crops not only add nutrients back into the soil but also enhance soil structure and health.
What is Green Manure?
Green manure refers to specific plants grown primarily to be incorporated into the soil to boost its fertility. Unlike cover crops grown solely for soil protection, green manures are usually turned under while still green to release nutrients.
Benefits of Green Manure in July
- Enhances soil nitrogen levels
- Improves soil structure and aeration
- Suppresses weeds
- Adds organic matter to the soil
- Promotes beneficial microbial activity
Best Green Manure Options for July
1. Buckwheat
Buckwheat is a fast-growing cover crop that thrives in warm weather. It suppresses weeds, attracts pollinators, and can be incorporated into the soil in about 4-6 weeks, making it ideal for July planting.
2. Cowpeas
Cowpeas are excellent for fixing nitrogen in the soil. They grow well in hot weather and can be turned under to enrich the soil with organic nitrogen, benefiting subsequent crops.
3. Sunn Hemp
Sunn hemp is a vigorous summer cover crop that fixes nitrogen efficiently. It grows rapidly, providing substantial biomass that can be incorporated into the soil within 8-10 weeks.
How to Incorporate Green Manure
Timing is key when using green manure. Plant your chosen crop early in July to allow enough growth before the end of the month. Once the plants reach the desired height, cut them down and incorporate the biomass into the soil using a hoe or rototiller. This process releases nutrients and improves soil structure.
Tips for Successful Green Manure Use
- Choose the right crop for your soil and climate
- Ensure adequate watering for healthy growth
- Incorporate the green manure before flowering for maximum nutrient release
- Use compost or organic amendments alongside green manure for enhanced fertility
By selecting the appropriate green manure options and following proper incorporation techniques, gardeners and farmers can significantly boost soil fertility during July, setting the stage for a productive growing season.