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Yarrow (Achillea millefolium) is a popular perennial plant known for its feathery foliage and clusters of colorful flowers. Propagating yarrow successfully allows gardeners to expand their garden or share plants with others. Deadheading, or removing spent flowers, encourages rebloom and maintains plant health, but it also provides an excellent opportunity to propagate yarrow.
Understanding Yarrow Propagation
Yarrow can be propagated through several methods, including division, cuttings, and seeds. Among these, division and cuttings are the most reliable for maintaining the plant’s characteristics. Deadheading plays a crucial role in preparing yarrow for propagation by stimulating new growth and making it easier to take healthy cuttings or divisions.
When to Propagate Yarrow After Deadheading
The best time to propagate yarrow is in early spring or late summer, after the plant has been deadheaded and is actively growing. Deadheading in late spring or early summer encourages a second bloom, providing fresh material for propagation. Avoid propagating during the dormant winter season, as the plant’s growth is minimal.
Preparing for Propagation
Before propagating, ensure your yarrow plants are healthy and free of pests or diseases. Water the plant thoroughly a day before you plan to take cuttings or divide. Use clean, sharp tools to prevent infection and ensure clean cuts.
Propagating Yarrow by Division
Division is a straightforward method suitable for established yarrow plants. Follow these steps:
- Dig around the yarrow clump carefully with a garden fork or spade.
- Lift the entire clump from the ground.
- Gently separate the clump into smaller sections using a sharp knife or spade, ensuring each section has roots and foliage.
- Replant the divisions at the same depth they were growing before, spacing them about 12 to 18 inches apart.
- Water thoroughly after planting.
Propagating Yarrow by Cuttings
Cuttings are an effective way to propagate yarrow, especially after deadheading. Here’s how:
- Select healthy, non-flowering stems that are about 4 to 6 inches long.
- Remove the lower leaves, leaving only a few at the top.
- Dip the cut end into rooting hormone to encourage root development.
- Plant the cutting into a pot filled with well-draining soil or a mix of sand and peat.
- Water lightly and place the pot in a warm, bright location out of direct sunlight.
- Keep the soil moist until roots develop, usually within a few weeks.
Aftercare and Maintenance
Once your yarrow has been propagated, proper care ensures successful growth. Water the new plants regularly but avoid overwatering, as yarrow prefers well-drained soil. Deadhead spent flowers to promote continuous blooming and prevent self-seeding if desired. Mulch around the plants to conserve moisture and suppress weeds.
Additional Tips for Success
- Always use clean tools to prevent disease transmission.
- Choose healthy, disease-free parent plants for propagation.
- Label new divisions or cuttings to keep track of their origin.
- Provide adequate sunlight—yarrow thrives in full sun.
- Be patient; new plants may take a season to establish fully.
By following these steps after deadheading, you can successfully propagate yarrow and enjoy this resilient perennial in your garden for years to come.