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Columbines are beautiful, versatile perennials that can add vibrant color and unique form to your garden. Propagating your favorite columbine varieties allows you to expand your garden or share plants with friends. This guide provides simple methods to propagate columbines successfully.
Understanding Columbine Propagation
Columbines (genus Aquilegia) can be propagated through seeds, division, or cuttings. Each method has its advantages and best practices, depending on the variety and your gardening goals.
Propagating by Seeds
Growing columbines from seed is the most natural and rewarding method. Seeds can be collected from mature plants and sown directly or started indoors.
Collecting Seeds
Allow seed pods to mature on the plant until they turn brown and dry. Carefully collect the seeds and store them in a cool, dry place until planting time.
Planting Seeds
Sow seeds in well-draining soil in early spring or fall. Lightly cover them with soil and keep moist. Germination typically occurs within a few weeks.
Propagation by Division
Dividing established plants is an effective way to produce new plants, especially for varieties that do not come true from seed.
When to Divide
The best time to divide columbines is in early spring or immediately after flowering. This minimizes stress and encourages healthy growth.
Dividing the Plant
Carefully dig around the plant and lift it out of the ground. Gently separate the root clump into smaller sections, each with roots and shoots. Replant immediately at the same depth.
Propagating by Cuttings
Taking cuttings is a reliable method for cloning specific varieties, especially those with unique flower forms or colors.
Preparing Cuttings
In late spring or early summer, select healthy, non-flowering stems. Cut about 4-6 inches of new growth just below a leaf node.
Rooting the Cuttings
Dip the cut end in rooting hormone, then plant it in a pot filled with moist, well-draining potting mix. Cover with a plastic bag to maintain humidity. Place in bright, indirect light.
Caring for Propagated Plants
Ensure consistent watering and protect young plants from harsh sunlight or frost. Mulching helps retain moisture and suppress weeds. Once established, columbines are relatively low-maintenance.
Additional Tips for Success
- Choose healthy, disease-free parent plants for seeds and cuttings.
- Label your propagated plants to track varieties.
- Be patient; some columbines may take a year or more to bloom after propagation.
- Experiment with different methods to discover what works best for your garden.
With these propagation techniques, you can enjoy more of your favorite columbine varieties and create a stunning, diverse garden. Happy gardening!