How to Create a Formal Hedge with Arborvitae

Creating a formal hedge with arborvitae is an excellent way to add privacy, structure, and beauty to your landscape. Arborvitae, known for its dense foliage and upright growth, is a popular choice for creating elegant, low-maintenance hedges. This guide will walk you through the steps to establish a stunning formal hedge using arborvitae.

Choosing the Right Arborvitae Varieties

Not all arborvitae are suitable for formal hedges. Select varieties that have a narrow, upright growth habit and dense foliage. Some popular choices include:

  • Thuja occidentalis ‘Smaragd’
  • Thuja occidentalis ‘Emerald Green’
  • Thuja plicata ‘Excelsa’

Consider your climate and soil conditions when choosing a variety. Consult with local nurseries to find the best fit for your region.

Preparing the Site

Proper site preparation ensures healthy growth and a beautiful hedge. Follow these steps:

  • Choose a location with full sun or partial shade.
  • Ensure well-draining soil to prevent root rot.
  • Clear the area of weeds, grass, and debris.
  • Amend the soil with compost if necessary to improve fertility.

Planting the Arborvitae

Follow these steps for successful planting:

  • Dig a trench or individual holes that are twice as wide as the root ball.
  • Place the arborvitae in the hole, ensuring the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface.
  • Backfill with soil, pressing gently to eliminate air pockets.
  • Water thoroughly after planting.

Spacing and Arrangement

To create a dense, formal hedge, space the arborvitae plants appropriately:

  • Typically, plant trees 2 to 3 feet apart.
  • Adjust spacing based on the mature width of the variety.
  • Maintain straight rows for a formal appearance by using stakes and string guides.

Pruning and Maintenance

Regular pruning keeps your hedge neat and encourages dense growth. Follow these tips:

  • Begin pruning after the first year to shape the hedge.
  • Use sharp hedge shears or pruning tools for clean cuts.
  • Trim the sides to maintain a straight, vertical line.
  • Top the hedge to the desired height, tapering slightly inward at the top for a formal look.
  • Remove any dead or diseased branches promptly.

Watering and Fertilizing

Proper watering and fertilization promote healthy growth:

  • Water deeply once a week during dry periods, especially in the first year.
  • Apply a balanced, slow-release fertilizer in early spring.
  • Mulch around the base to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Additional Tips for a Perfect Formal Hedge

Achieve a professional look with these extra tips:

  • Use a string line and stakes to guide straight cuts.
  • Regularly inspect for pests and diseases.
  • Adjust pruning as the hedge matures to maintain shape.
  • Be patient; a formal hedge takes several years to reach full density and height.

With proper planning and maintenance, your arborvitae hedge will provide years of beauty and privacy, enhancing your landscape with a classic, formal look.