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Nasturtiums are vibrant, easy-to-grow annuals that add a splash of color and edible leaves to your garden. In Zone 2, with its cold climate, caring for nasturtiums requires specific strategies to ensure healthy growth and abundant blooms. This guide provides practical tips for successfully cultivating nasturtiums in this challenging zone.
Understanding Nasturtiums and Zone 2 Climate
Nasturtiums (Tropaeolum majus) are native to South America and are known for their bright, trumpet-shaped flowers and rounded leaves. They thrive in full sun and well-drained soil. Zone 2, characterized by extremely cold winters with temperatures dropping below -40°C (-40°F), presents unique challenges for these tender annuals. However, with proper planning, you can enjoy their beauty despite the climate.
Choosing the Right Nasturtium Varieties
Select hardy varieties or those with shorter growing seasons. Look for seeds labeled as suitable for cooler climates or with early bloom times. Compact or dwarf varieties are often better suited for container gardening or small spaces in Zone 2.
Starting Nasturtiums in Zone 2
Since nasturtiums are sensitive to frost, start seeds indoors 4-6 weeks before the last expected frost date. Use seed trays or pots filled with well-draining seed-starting mix. Keep the soil moist and place the containers in a warm, bright location.
Transplant seedlings outdoors only after the danger of frost has passed and nighttime temperatures stay above 5°C (41°F). Harden off seedlings by gradually exposing them to outdoor conditions over a week.
Planting and Soil Preparation
Choose a sunny spot with well-draining soil. Amend the soil with organic matter such as compost to improve fertility and drainage. Space plants about 30-40 cm (12-16 inches) apart to allow for growth and air circulation.
Protecting Nasturtiums During Winter
In Zone 2, nasturtiums cannot survive the winter outdoors. To extend their season, consider the following methods:
- Bring potted plants indoors before the first frost and place them in a sunny window.
- Cover outdoor plants with frost cloths or blankets during cold snaps.
- Mulch heavily around outdoor plants to insulate roots, but recognize that this is only a temporary safeguard.
Watering and Fertilizing
Nasturtiums prefer moderate watering. Keep the soil evenly moist but not waterlogged. Avoid overwatering, which can lead to root rot. Fertilize sparingly; too much fertilizer may promote lush foliage at the expense of flowers. Use a balanced, diluted liquid fertilizer every few weeks during active growth.
Maintenance and Pest Control
Regularly check for pests such as aphids and caterpillars. Use organic insecticidal soap or neem oil if necessary. Remove dead or yellowing leaves to promote healthy growth. Pinch back leggy stems to encourage bushier plants and more blooms.
Harvesting Nasturtiums
Harvest flowers and leaves regularly to encourage continuous blooming. Use freshly picked leaves in salads, and enjoy the edible flowers as garnishes. Picking flowers also prevents seed formation, allowing the plant to focus on producing more blooms.
Conclusion
While Zone 2’s cold climate poses challenges, with proper starting, protection, and care, nasturtiums can thrive and brighten your garden. Their vibrant flowers and edible leaves make them a rewarding addition, even in the most northern gardens. Happy gardening!